CentOS YUM 安裝配置 MariaDB 進階教程：數據目錄遷移與慢查詢設置

1. 配置 YUM 源

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
vim MariaDB.repo
# 寫入 (以 10.0 為例)
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = https://yum.mariadb.org/10.0/centos6-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1

若 HTTPS 驗證失敗可改 gpgcheck=0。

2. 安裝與啟動

yum -y install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client
service mysql start
mysqladmin -u root password 'newpass'

3. 修改數據存放目錄

1. 停服務：service mysql stop
2. 創建新目錄：mkdir /usr/local/ieternal/mysql_data
3. 遷移數據 (保留屬性)：cp -a /var/lib/mysql /usr/local/ieternal/mysql_data
4. 備份原配置：cp /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf_original
5. 編輯 /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf (MariaDB 主配置文件)：

   [mysqld]
   datadir=/usr/local/ieternal/mysql_data/mysql
   socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
   character_set_server=utf8
   slow_query_log=on
   slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/ieternal/mysql_data/slow_query_log.log
   long_query_time=2
   

6. 創建慢查詢日誌文件並授權：

   touch /usr/local/ieternal/mysql_data/slow_query_log.log
   chmod 666 /usr/local/ieternal/mysql_data/slow_query_log.log
   

7. 啟動驗證：service mysql start

4. 基礎 SQL 測試

SHOW DATABASES;
USE test;
CREATE TABLE t_test (id INT UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, userId CHAR(36), lastLoginTime TIMESTAMP) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO t_test(userId) VALUES ('admin'),('haha');
SELECT * FROM t_test;