SHOW STATUS 觀察 Slow_queries 計數器,若持續增長說明有慢查詢。SHOW PROCESSLIST 列出所有線程,重點關注 Time(已執行秒數)、State、Info(SQL 文本)。EXPLAIN 分析執行計劃 → 優化索引或改寫。mysql> SHOW PROCESSLIST;
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 53 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | NULL | SHOW PROCESSLIST |
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
關鍵欄位說明:
Command:Query/Sleep/Binlog Dump 等。Time:該狀態持續秒數,長時間非 Sleep 多為問題語句。State:Sending data、Locked、Copying to tmp table 等。Info:完整 SQL(超長會截斷,配合 SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST 顯示完整)。SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST
WHERE COMMAND != 'Sleep' AND TIME > 10
ORDER BY TIME DESC;
可直接用 SQL 過濾、排序、關聯其他元資料表,適合監控腳本集成。