SSM 框架整合完整教程：Spring + SpringMVC + MyBatis 詳細配置與測試

SSM 框架整合完整教程：Spring + SpringMVC + MyBatis 詳細配置與測試

本文基於 Maven Web 專案，詳細記錄 SSM（Spring 4.0.2 + SpringMVC 4.0.2 + MyBatis 3.2.6）整合全過程，含配置檔拆分、JUnit 測試、Controller 開發、專案部署驗證。

專案目錄結構

src/main/java
  com.cn.hnust.controller
  com.cn.hnust.service / .impl
  com.cn.hnust.dao / .daoIm
  com.cn.hnust.model
  com.cn.hnust.mapping (MyBatis XML)
src/main/resources
  spring-mybatis.xml
  spring-mvc.xml
  jdbc.properties
  log4j.properties
src/main/webapp/WEB-INF
  web.xml
  jsp/

1. Maven 依賴 (pom.xml 關鍵片段)

<properties>
  <spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
  <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
  <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
  <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
  <!-- Spring 核心 -->
  <dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency>
  <dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency>
  <dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency>
  <dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency>
  <dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency>

  <!-- MyBatis -->
  <dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>${mybatis.version}</version></dependency>
  <dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId><version>1.2.2</version></dependency>

  <!-- 資料庫連線池 -->
  <dependency><groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId><artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId><version>1.2.2</version></dependency>
  <dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>5.1.30</version></dependency>

  <!-- 日誌/JSON/上傳 -->
  <dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>${log4j.version}</version></dependency>
  <dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId><version>${slf4j.version}</version></dependency>
  <dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.1.41</version></dependency>
  <dependency><groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId><artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId><version>1.3.1</version></dependency>
</dependencies>

2. Spring + MyBatis 整合 (spring-mybatis.xml)

<beans ...>
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.cn.hnust" />

  <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
    <property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
  </bean>

  <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}" />
    <property name="url" value="${url}" />
    <property name="username" value="${username}" />
    <property name="password" value="${password}" />
    <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}" />
    <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}" />
    <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}" />
    <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}" />
    <property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}" />
  </bean>

  <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/cn/hnust/mapping/*.xml" />
  </bean>

  <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <property name="basePackage" value="com.cn.hnust.dao" />
    <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
  </bean>

  <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
  </bean>
</beans>

3. SpringMVC 配置 (spring-mvc.xml)

<beans ...>
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.cn.hnust.controller" />

  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
    <property name="messageConverters">
      <list><ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /></list>
    </property>
  </bean>
  <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
    <property name="supportedMediaTypes"><list><value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value></list></property>
  </bean>

  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
  </bean>

  <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
    <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
    <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />
  </bean>
</beans>

4. web.xml 整合入口

<web-app version="3.0">
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener>
  <listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class></listener>

  <filter><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>UTF-8</param-value></init-param></filter>
  <filter-mapping><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value></init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup><async-supported>true</async-supported>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping><servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5. JUnit 測試驗證整合

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring-mybatis.xml"})
public class TestMyBatis {
    private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(TestMyBatis.class);
    @Resource private IUserService userService;

    @Test
    public void test1() {
        User user = userService.getUserById(1);
        logger.info(JSON.toJSONString(user));
    }
}

6. Controller 範例

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @Resource private IUserService userService;

    @RequestMapping("/showUser")
    public String showUser(HttpServletRequest request, Model model) {
        int id = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));
        User user = userService.getUserById(id);
        model.addAttribute("user", user);
        return "showUser"; // 對應 /WEB-INF/jsp/showUser.jsp
    }
}

7. JSP 頁面

<%@ page pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
${user.userName}

驗證結果

啟動 Tomcat，訪問 https://localhost:8080/專案名/user/showUser?id=1，頁面顯示用戶名稱，代表 SSM 整合成功。