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使用 OpenXML 替換 Word 模板中的書籤標籤

編輯：關於.NET

前言

在近期的 MOSS 專案中，需求是根據 InfoPath 表單內容與 Word 模板生成對應的 Word 文件。若使用 Word COM API，會面臨後台進程管理、多用戶並發等棘手問題。因此選擇使用 OpenXML SDK 進行純伺服器端處理，避免安裝 Office 且效能更佳。

核心實作步驟

1. 環境準備

首先需引用 WindowsBase.dll，並定義必要的常數：

const string documentRelationshipType = "https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/officeDocument";
const string strUri = "https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main";
static List<string> bookmarkText;
string bookmarkName;

2. 解析模板中的書籤

以下方法會遍歷文件中的所有書籤起始標籤（w:bookmarkStart），提取書籤名稱與現有內容，存入 DataTable 供後續繫結：

void bindTable(string fileName) {
    dt = new DataTable();
    dt.Columns.Add("標籤", typeof(string));
    dt.Columns.Add("內容", typeof(string));
    DataRow dr;
    Stream strm = null;
    PackagePart documentPart;
    Package package;

    using (SPSite site = new SPSite("https://ascentn-moss:8686/")) {
        SPWeb web = site.OpenWeb();
        strm = web.GetFile(fileName).OpenBinaryStream();
        package = Package.Open(strm, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite);

        foreach (PackageRelationship documentRelationship in package.GetRelationshipsByType(documentRelationshipType)) {
            NameTable nt = new NameTable();
            XmlNamespaceManager nsManager = new XmlNamespaceManager(nt);
            nsManager.AddNamespace("w", strUri);
            Uri documentUri = PackUriHelper.ResolvePartUri(new Uri("/", UriKind.Relative), documentRelationship.TargetUri);
            documentPart = package.GetPart(documentUri);
            XmlDocument xdoc = new XmlDocument();
            xdoc.Load(documentPart.GetStream());
            XmlNodeList nodeList = xdoc.SelectNodes("//w:bookmarkStart", nsManager);

            foreach (XmlNode node in nodeList) {
                dr = dt.NewRow();
                if (node.NextSibling.Name == "w:bookmarkEnd") {
                    // 空書籤
                    bookmarkText = new List<string>();
                    bookmarkName = node.Attributes["w:name"].Value;
                    bookmarkText.Add(" ");
                    dr[0] = bookmarkName;
                } else {
                    // 含內容書籤
                    bookmarkName = node.Attributes["w:name"].Value;
                    dr[0] = bookmarkName;
                    string bookmarkId = node.Attributes["w:id"].Value;
                    bookmarkText = new List<string>();
                    XmlNode nextParentNode = node.ParentNode;
                    XmlNode nodeIterate = node.NextSibling;
                    while (nodeIterate.Name != "w:bookmarkEnd") {
                        if (nodeIterate.Name == "w:r")
                            bookmarkText.Add(nodeIterate.InnerText);
                        nodeIterate = nodeIterate.NextSibling;
                        if (nodeIterate == null) {
                            // 跨段落處理
                            if (nextParentNode.NextSibling.Attributes.Count != 0) {
                                if (nextParentNode.NextSibling.Attributes["w:id"].Value == bookmarkId) {
                                    nodeIterate = nextParentNode.NextSibling;
                                }
                            } else {
                                nextParentNode = nextParentNode.NextSibling;
                                nodeIterate = nextParentNode.FirstChild;
                                bookmarkText.Add('\n' + nodeIterate.InnerText);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                dt.Rows.Add(dr);
            }
        }
        package.Close();
    }
}

3. 以 InfoPath 資料替換書籤內容

取得書籤清單後，透過 Web Service 複製模板檔案，再以 OpenXML 逐一替換書籤內容，最後移除書籤標籤本身：

#region 處理書籤
string spUrl = (string)ds["SPServer"];
APWS.Service apws = new APWS.Service();
apws.Url = spUrl + "/spsws/Service.asmx";
apws.Credentials = WFSystem.GetSystemUserCredential();

System.IO.MemoryStream fileStream = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
string newfilename = fileLocation.EndsWith("/") 
    ? fileLocation + fileName + template.Substring(template.LastIndexOf('.'))
    : fileLocation + "/" + fileName + template.Substring(template.LastIndexOf('.'));

apws.SPCopyFile(template, newfilename);
fileStream.Write(apws.SPOpenBinary(newfilename), 0, apws.SPGetFileLenght(newfilename));

originalDocPackage = Package.Open(fileStream, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
foreach (PackageRelationship relationship in originalDocPackage.GetRelationshipsByType(documentRelationshipType)) {
    Uri documentUri = PackUriHelper.ResolvePartUri(new Uri("/", UriKind.Relative), relationship.TargetUri);
    originalDocumentPart = originalDocPackage.GetPart(documentUri);
    break;
}

originalXmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
originalXmlDocument.Load(originalDocumentPart.GetStream());
NameTable nt = new NameTable();
XmlNamespaceManager xmlNamespaceManager = new XmlNamespaceManager(nt);
xmlNamespaceManager.AddNamespace("w", strUri);

#region 多書籤迴圈檢索
XmlNodeList bookmarknodeList = originalXmlDocument.SelectNodes("//w:bookmarkStart", xmlNamespaceManager);
XmlNodeList bookmarknodeEndList = originalXmlDocument.SelectNodes("//w:bookmarkEnd", xmlNamespaceManager);
XmlNode parentNodeOfBookMark;

foreach (XmlNode xmlnode in bookmarknodeList) {
    foreach (string columnName in hvalues.Keys) {
        if (xmlnode.Attributes["w:name"].Value == columnName) {
            if (xmlnode.NextSibling.Name == "w:r") {
                xmlnode.NextSibling.RemoveChild(xmlnode.NextSibling.LastChild);
                XmlElement textElement = originalXmlDocument.CreateElement("w:t", strUri);
                xmlnode.NextSibling.AppendChild(textElement);
                XmlNode textNode = originalXmlDocument.CreateNode(XmlNodeType.Text, "w:t", strUri);
                // 日期格式處理
                if (hvalues[columnName].ToString().EndsWith("T00:00:00"))
                    textNode.Value = hvalues[columnName].ToString().Substring(0, hvalues[columnName].ToString().IndexOf('T'));
                else
                    textNode.Value = hvalues[columnName].ToString();
                textElement.AppendChild(textNode);
            }
        }
    }
    parentNodeOfBookMark = xmlnode.ParentNode;
    parentNodeOfBookMark.RemoveChild(xmlnode);
}

foreach (XmlNode xmlnode in bookmarknodeEndList) {
    parentNodeOfBookMark = xmlnode.ParentNode;
    parentNodeOfBookMark.RemoveChild(xmlnode);
}
#endregion

// 儲存文件
originalXmlDocument.Save(originalDocumentPart.GetStream(FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write));
byte[] bs = fileStream.ToArray();
apws.SPSaveBinary(newfilename, bs);
originalDocPackage.Close();
#endregion