ASCII(American Standard Code for Information Interchange)定義了 128 個字符(0~127),包含控制字符(0~31, 127)和可打印字符(32~126)。下表列出所有碼位的多進制表示與官方名稱。
| Dec | Oct | Hex | Bin | Char | Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 000 | 00 | 00000000 | ^@ | NUL (Null) |
| 1 | 001 | 01 | 00000001 | ^A | SOH (Start of Heading) |
| 2 | 002 | 02 | 00000010 | ^B | STX (Start of Text) |
| 3 | 003 | 03 | 00000011 | ^C | ETX (End of Text) |
| 4 | 004 | 04 | 00000100 | ^D | EOT (End of Transmission) |
| 5 | 005 | 05 | 00000101 | ^E | ENQ (Enquiry) |
| 6 | 006 | 06 | 00000110 | ^F | ACK (Acknowledge) |
| 7 | 007 | 07 | 00000111 | ^G | BEL (Bell) |
| 8 | 010 | 08 | 00001000 | ^H | BS (Backspace) |
| 9 | 011 | 09 | 00001001 | ^I | HT (Horizontal Tab) |
| 10 | 012 | 0A | 00001010 | ^J | LF (Line Feed) |
| 11 | 013 | 0B | 00001011 | ^K | VT (Vertical Tab) |
| 12 | 014 | 0C | 00001100 | ^L | FF (Form Feed) |
| 13 | 015 | 0D | 00001101 | ^M | CR (Carriage Return) |
| 14 | 016 | 0E | 00001110 | ^N | SO (Shift Out) |
| 15 | 017 | 0F | 00001111 | ^O | SI (Shift In) |
| 16 | 020 | 10 | 00010000 | ^P | DLE (Data Link Escape) |
| 17 | 021 | 11 | 00010001 | ^Q | DC1 (Device Control 1, XON) |
| 18 | 022 | 12 | 00010010 | ^R | DC2 (Device Control 2) |
| 19 | 023 | 13 | 00010011 | ^S | DC3 (Device Control 3, XOFF) |
| 20 | 024 | 14 | 00010100 | ^T | DC4 (Device Control 4) |
| 21 | 025 | 15 | 00010101 | ^U | NAK (Negative Acknowledge) |
| 22 | 026 | 16 | 00010110 | ^V | SYN (Synchronous Idle) |
| 23 | 027 | 17 | 00010111 | ^W | ETB (End of Transmission Block) |
| 24 | 030 | 18 | 00011000 | ^X | CAN (Cancel) |
| 25 | 031 | 19 | 00011001 | ^Y | EM (End of Medium) |
| 26 | 032 | 1A | 00011010 | ^Z | SUB (Substitute) |
| 27 | 033 | 1B | 00011011 | ^[ | ESC (Escape) |
| 28 | 034 | 1C | 00011100 | ^\ | FS (File Separator) |
| 29 | 035 | 1D | 00011101 | ^] | GS (Group Separator) |
| 30 | 036 | 1E | 00011110 | ^^ | RS (Record Separator) |
| 31 | 037 | 1F | 00011111 | ^_ | US (Unit Separator) |
| 32 | 040 | 20 | 00100000 | SP (Space) | |
| 33 | 041 | 21 | 00100001 | ! | Exclamation Mark |
| 34 | 042 | 22 | 00100010 | " | Quotation Mark |
| 35 | 043 | 23 | 00100011 | # | Number Sign |
| 36 | 044 | 24 | 00100100 | $ | Dollar Sign |
| 37 | 045 | 25 | 00100101 | % | Percent Sign |
| 38 | 046 | 26 | 00100110 | & | Ampersand |
| 39 | 047 | 27 | 00100111 | ' | Apostrophe |
| 40 | 050 | 28 | 00101000 | ( | Left Parenthesis |
| 41 | 051 | 29 | 00101001 | ) | Right Parenthesis |
| 42 | 052 | 2A | 00101010 | * | Asterisk |
| 43 | 053 | 2B | 00101011 | + | Plus Sign |
| 44 | 054 | 2C | 00101100 | , | Comma |
| 45 | 055 | 2D | 00101101 | - | Hyphen-Minus |
| 46 | 056 | 2E | 00101110 | . | Full Stop |
| 47 | 057 | 2F | 00101111 | / | Solidus |
| 48 | 060 | 30 | 00110000 | 0 | Digit Zero |
| 49 | 061 | 31 | 00110001 | 1 | Digit One |
| 50 | 062 | 32 | 00110010 | 2 | Digit Two |
| 51 | 063 | 33 | 00110011 | 3 | Digit Three |
| 52 | 064 | 34 | 00110100 | 4 | Digit Four |
| 53 | 065 | 35 | 00110101 | 5 | Digit Five |
| 54 | 066 | 36 | 00110110 | 6 | Digit Six |
| 55 | 067 | 37 | 00110111 | 7 | Digit Seven |
| 56 | 070 | 38 | 00111000 | 8 | Digit Eight |
| 57 | 071 | 39 | 00111001 | 9 | Digit Nine |
| 58 | 072 | 3A | 00111010 | : | Colon |
| 59 | 073 | 3B | 00111011 | ; | Semicolon |
| 60 | 074 | 3C | 00111100 | < | Less-Than Sign |
| 61 | 075 | 3D | 00111101 | = | Equals Sign |
| 62 | 076 | 3E | 00111110 | > | Greater-Than Sign |
| 63 | 077 | 3F | 00111111 | ? | Question Mark |
| 64 | 100 | 40 | 01000000 | @ | Commercial At |
| 65 | 101 | 41 | 01000001 | A | Latin Capital Letter A |
| 66 | 102 | 42 | 01000010 | B | Latin Capital Letter B |
| 67 | 103 | 43 | 01000011 | C | Latin Capital Letter C |
| 68 | 104 | 44 | 01000100 | D | Latin Capital Letter D |
| 69 | 105 | 45 | 01000101 | E | Latin Capital Letter E |
| 70 | 106 | 46 | 01000110 | F | Latin Capital Letter F |
| 71 | 107 | 47 | 01000111 | G | Latin Capital Letter G |
| 72 | 110 | 48 | 01001000 | H | Latin Capital Letter H |
| 73 | 111 | 49 | 01001001 | I | Latin Capital Letter I |
| 74 | 112 | 4A | 01001010 | J | Latin Capital Letter J |
| 75 | 113 | 4B | 01001011 | K | Latin Capital Letter K |
| 76 | 114 | 4C | 01001100 | L | Latin Capital Letter L |
| 77 | 115 | 4D | 01001101 | M | Latin Capital Letter M |
| 78 | 116 | 4E | 01001110 | N | Latin Capital Letter N |
| 79 | 117 | 4F | 01001111 | O | Latin Capital Letter O |
| 80 | 120 | 50 | 01010000 | P | Latin Capital Letter P |
| 81 | 121 | 51 | 01010001 | Q | Latin Capital Letter Q |
| 82 | 122 | 52 | 01010010 | R | Latin Capital Letter R |
| 83 | 123 | 53 | 01010011 | S | Latin Capital Letter S |
| 84 | 124 | 54 | 01010100 | T | Latin Capital Letter T |
| 85 | 125 | 55 | 01010101 | U | Latin Capital Letter U |
| 86 | 126 | 56 | 01010110 | V | Latin Capital Letter V |
| 87 | 127 | 57 | 01010111 | W | Latin Capital Letter W |
| 88 | 130 | 58 | 01011000 | X | Latin Capital Letter X |
| 89 | 131 | 59 | 01011001 | Y | Latin Capital Letter Y |
| 90 | 132 | 5A | 01011010 | Z | Latin Capital Letter Z |
| 91 | 133 | 5B | 01011011 | [ | Left Square Bracket |
| 92 | 134 | 5C | 01011100 | \ | Reverse Solidus |
| 93 | 135 | 5D | 01011101 | ] | Right Square Bracket |
| 94 | 136 | 5E | 01011110 | ^ | Circumflex Accent |
| 95 | 137 | 5F | 01011111 | _ | Low Line |
| 96 | 140 | 60 | 01100000 | ` | Grave Accent |
| 97 | 141 | 61 | 01100001 | a | Latin Small Letter A |
| 98 | 142 | 62 | 01100010 | b | Latin Small Letter B |
| 99 | 143 | 63 | 01100011 | c | Latin Small Letter C |
| 100 | 144 | 64 | 01100100 | d | Latin Small Letter D |
| 101 | 145 | 65 | 01100101 | e | Latin Small Letter E |
| 102 | 146 | 66 | 01100110 | f | Latin Small Letter F |
| 103 | 147 | 67 | 01100111 | g | Latin Small Letter G |
| 104 | 150 | 68 | 01101000 | h | Latin Small Letter H |
| 105 | 151 | 69 | 01101001 | i | Latin Small Letter I |
| 106 | 152 | 6A | 01101010 | j | Latin Small Letter J |
| 107 | 153 | 6B | 01101011 | k | Latin Small Letter K |
| 108 | 154 | 6C | 01101100 | l | Latin Small Letter L |
| 109 | 155 | 6D | 01101101 | m | Latin Small Letter M |
| 110 | 156 | 6E | 01101110 | n | Latin Small Letter N |
| 111 | 157 | 6F | 01101111 | o | Latin Small Letter O |
| 112 | 160 | 70 | 01110000 | p | Latin Small Letter P |
| 113 | 161 | 71 | 01110001 | q | Latin Small Letter Q |
| 114 | 162 | 72 | 01110010 | r | Latin Small Letter R |
| 115 | 163 | 73 | 01110011 | s | Latin Small Letter S |
| 116 | 164 | 74 | 01110100 | t | Latin Small Letter T |
| 117 | 165 | 75 | 01110101 | u | Latin Small Letter U |
| 118 | 166 | 76 | 01110110 | v | Latin Small Letter V |
| 119 | 167 | 77 | 01110111 | w | Latin Small Letter W |
| 120 | 170 | 78 | 01111000 | x | Latin Small Letter X |
| 121 | 171 | 79 | 01111001 | y | Latin Small Letter Y |
| 122 | 172 | 7A | 01111010 | z | Latin Small Letter Z |
| 123 | 173 | 7B | 01111011 | { | Left Curly Bracket |
| 124 | 174 | 7C | 01111100 | | | Vertical Line |
| 125 | 175 | 7D | 01111101 | } | Right Curly Bracket |
| 126 | 176 | 7E | 01111110 | ~ | Tilde |
| 127 | 177 | 7F | 01111111 | DEL | DEL (Delete/Rubout) |
| Dec | Char | 名稱 | 常見用途 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | NUL | 空字符 | C 字符串結束符 |
| 7 | BEL | 響鈴 | 終端發聲 |
| 8 | BS | 退格 | 光標左移 |
| 9 | HT | 水平製表 | \t 對齊 |
| 10 | LF | 換行 | Unix 換行 \n |
| 13 | CR | 回車 | Mac 經典/Win \r\n 一部分 |
| 27 | ESC | 逃逸 | ANSI 轉義序列開頭 |
| 127 | DEL | 刪除 | 終端刪除字符 |
char c = 65; // 'A'
char c = '\x41'; // 十六進制
char c = '\101'; // 八進制
char newline = '\n'; // LF (10)
char tab = '\t'; // HT (9)
char esc = '\x1b'; // ESC (27)
printf("ASCII of 'A': %d\n", 'A'); // 65
ASCII 表是計算機字符編碼基石,熟記常用控制字符(NUL, LF, CR, HT, ESC, DEL)及字母數字範圍,對調試字符編碼問題、串口通信、文本處理至關重要。現代系統多使用 UTF-8(ASCII 兼容超集),但 ASCII 核心碼位不變。