Eclipse 連接 MySQL 數據庫完整教程（含 JDBC 驅動配置）

Eclipse 連接 MySQL 數據庫完整教程

環境準備

• MySQL：mysql-essential-5.1.51-win32
• JDBC 驅動：mysql-connector-java-5.x.x.jar
• Eclipse：任意版本

1. MySQL 建庫建表測試數據

mysql> CREATE DATABASE test;
mysql> USE test;
mysql> CREATE TABLE user (name VARCHAR(20), password VARCHAR(20));
mysql> INSERT INTO user VALUES('huzhiheng','123456');

2. Eclipse 導入 JDBC 驅動

1. 右鍵專案 → Build Path → Add External Archives...
2. 選擇 mysql-connector-java-x.x.x.jar → 確定。

3. 測試連接代碼

import java.sql.*;

public class MysqlJdbc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            System.out.println("Success loading Mysql Driver!");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.print("Error loading Mysql Driver!");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        try {
            Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
                "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test", "root", "198876");
            System.out.println("Success connect Mysql server!");

            Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
            ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM user");
            while (rs.next()) {
                System.out.println(rs.getString("name"));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.print("get data error!");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

運行輸出：

Success loading Mysql Driver!
Success connect Mysql server!
huzhiheng

4. 批量插入測試（PreparedStatement）

import java.sql.*;

public class Myjproject {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
                "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test", "root", "198876");

            int num = 100;
            PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement("INSERT INTO user VALUES(?,?)");
            for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
                ps.setString(1, "chongshi" + i);
                ps.setString(2, "bo" + i);
                ps.executeUpdate();
            }
            System.out.println("Inserted " + num + " rows.");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

5. 驗證數據

mysql> USE test;
mysql> SELECT * FROM user LIMIT 5;
+------------+------+
| name | password |
+------------+------+
| huzhiheng | 123456 |
| chongshi0 | bo0 |
| chongshi1 | bo1 |
| chongshi2 | bo2 |
| chongshi3 | bo3 |
+------------+------+

常見問題排查

• 驅動版本與 MySQL 版本不匹配。
• URL、用戶名、密碼、表名拼寫錯誤。
• 防火牆阻擋 3306 端口。
• MySQL 未授權遠程訪問（需 GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' ...）。

掌握 JDBC 連接是 Java 持久層開發的基石，建議熟練配置並理解連接池原理。