MySQL 5.7 GA 引入原生 JSON、GIS、Sys Schema、優化器重構、多核擴展性提升。本文記錄從源碼編譯安裝全流程，含 Boost 依賴處理、CMake 關鍵參數解析、生產級 my.cnf 模板、數據庫初始化與安全配置。
# 依賴包 yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake # 下載源碼 cd /root/oneinstack/src wget https://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz wget https://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.9.tar.gz # 創建運行用戶 useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
tar xzf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz tar xzf mysql-5.7.9.tar.gz mkdir -p /data/mysql cd mysql-5.7.9 cmake . \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \ -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \ -DWITH_BOOST=../boost_1_59_0 \ -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DENABLE_DTRACE=0 \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \ -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1
| 參數 | 說明 | 建議值 |
|---|---|---|
WITH_BOOST | Boost 庫路徑（5.7.5+ 必需） | 本地解壓目錄 |
DEFAULT_CHARSET | 默認字符集 | utf8mb4（支援 Emoji） |
WITH_*_STORAGE_ENGINE | 編譯內置引擎 | InnoDB/Partition/MyISAM 必選 |
ENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE | LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE | 1（生產建議 0） |
ENABLE_DTRACE | DTrace 動態追蹤 | 0（Linux 通常不需要） |
# 並行編譯（根據 CPU 核心數） make -j $(grep -c processor /proc/cpuinfo) make install
⚠️ 編譯極度消耗內存，建議 ≥ 4GB 內存，小內存機器請用二進制包或減少並行度 make -j2。
# 啟動腳本 cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig mysqld on
[client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock default-character-set = utf8mb4 [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid user = mysql bind-address = 0.0.0.0 server-id = 1 init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4' character-set-server = utf8mb4 skip-name-resolve back_log = 300 max_connections = 1000 max_connect_errors = 6000 open_files_limit = 65535 table_open_cache = 128 max_allowed_packet = 4M binlog_cache_size = 1M max_heap_table_size = 8M tmp_table_size = 16M read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M sort_buffer_size = 8M join_buffer_size = 8M key_buffer_size = 4M thread_cache_size = 8 query_cache_type = 1 query_cache_size = 8M query_cache_limit = 2M ft_min_word_len = 4 log_bin = mysql-bin binlog_format = mixed expire_logs_days = 30 log_error = /data/mysql/mysql-error.log slow_query_log = 1 long_query_time = 1 slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql-slow.log performance_schema = 0 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1 skip-external-locking default_storage_engine = InnoDB innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_open_files = 500 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M # 專用 DB 服務器建議 50-70% 物理內存 innodb_write_io_threads = 4 innodb_read_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency = 0 innodb_purge_threads = 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 # 1 最安全，2 性能最優 innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M innodb_log_file_size = 32M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 interactive_timeout = 28800 wait_timeout = 28800 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 8M sort_buffer_size = 8M read_buffer = 4M write_buffer = 4M
# --initialize-insecure：不生成隨機密碼，root 密碼為空 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure \ --user=mysql \ --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \ --datadir=/data/mysql # 注意：datadir 目標目錄必須為空 # 舊版 mysql_install_db 已棄用，放在 bin/ 目錄下
service mysqld start
# 設置 root 密碼（建議強密碼）
dbrootpwd="StrongP@ssw0rd2024"
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -e "ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '${dbrootpwd}';"
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -e "ALTER USER 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '${dbrootpwd}';"
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES;"
# 或運行安全向導
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
# 連接測試 mysql -uroot -p -e "SELECT VERSION(); SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'char%';" # 進程檢查 ps -ef | grep mysqld netstat -lntp | grep 3306
-DWITH_BOOST 路徑正確，或使用 -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 自動下載make -j 並行度、或改用二進制包/data/mysql 重新初始化my.cnf client/mysqld 區塊 socket 路徑一致
