CentOS 6.5 安裝配置 Percona Server 5.6.27 與 TokuDB 引擎完整指南

CentOS 6.5 安裝配置 Percona Server 5.6.27 與 TokuDB 引擎完整指南

本文記錄在 CentOS 6.5 環境下，從下載二進制包安裝 Percona Server 5.6.27，到成功啟用 TokuDB 儲存引擎的完整過程，包含依賴解決、配置優化與常見錯誤排查。

1. 下載與安裝 Percona Server

參考官方文檔：TokuDB Installation Guide

# 下載二進制壓縮包
wget https://www.percona.com/downloads/Percona-Server-5.6/Percona-Server-5.6.27-75.0/binary/tarball/Percona-Server-5.6.27-rel75.0-Linux.x86_64.ssl101.tar.gz

# 解壓至 /usr/local 並建立軟連結
tar -xzf Percona-Server-5.6.27-rel75.0-Linux.x86_64.ssl101.tar.gz -C /usr/local
ln -s /usr/local/Percona-Server-5.6.27-rel75.0-Linux.x86_64.ssl101 /usr/local/percona

2. 解決啟動缺少 libnuma.so.1 錯誤

首次啟動報錯：error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file

# 搜尋可用套件
yum search libnuma

# 安裝 numactl
yum install -y numactl

3. 解決 TokuDB 需要 jemalloc 的問題

安裝 numactl 後啟動，出現新錯誤：[ERROR] TokuDB is not initialized because jemalloc is not loaded

# 安裝 EPEL 擴展源
rpm -ivh https://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

# 安裝 jemalloc
yum install -y jemalloc

# 查看庫文件具體路徑
rpm -ql jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el6.x86_64
# 輸出關鍵路徑：/usr/lib64/libjemalloc.so.1

4. 配置 my.cnf 啟用 TokuDB 並優化參數

# 編輯 /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_safe]
malloc-lib=/usr/lib64/libjemalloc.so.1

[mysqld]
plugin-dir = /usr/local/percona/lib/mysql/plugin
plugin-load=ha_tokudb.so
tokudb_row_format = tokudb_fast
tokudb_cache_size = 1G
tokudb_commit_sync = 0
tokudb_directio = 1
tokudb_read_block_size = 128K
tokudb_read_buf_size = 128K

# 將 TokuDB 數據與日誌目錄與 MySQL 主數據目錄分離
tokudb-data-dir = /data/mysql/tokudb/data
tokudb-log-dir  = /data/mysql/tokudb/log

5. 禁用 Transparent Huge Pages (THP)

TokuDB 要求關閉 THP，否則性能會嚴重下降。

# 編輯 /etc/rc.local，使開機生效
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

# 立即手動執行上述兩條命令使當前生效
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

6. 啟動服務並安裝 TokuDB 引擎

# 啟動 MySQL 服務
/etc/init.d/mysql start

# 進入 bin 目錄執行安裝腳本
cd /usr/local/percona/bin
./ps_tokudb_admin --enable -uroot -pPassw0rd

7. 解決 mysql 客戶端缺少 libreadline.so.5

執行安裝腳本時可能報錯：mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libreadline.so.5

# 檢查依賴
ldd /usr/local/percona/bin/mysql

# 安裝兼容包
yum install -y compat-readline5-devel

8. 驗證 TokuDB 是否啟用成功

mysql> SHOW ENGINES;
+--------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| Engine | Support | Comment                                                    | Transactions | XA   | Savepoints |
+--------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| TokuDB | YES     | Tokutek TokuDB Storage Engine with Fractal Tree(tm) Technology | YES          | YES  | YES        |
+--------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

看到 Support 為 YES 即表示 TokuDB 已成功載入並可用。