CentOS 6.7 編譯安裝 MySQL 5.7.11 完整實錄（含 Boost 依賴與 root 密碼重置）

前置依賴

# 系統：CentOS 6.7 x64
# 安裝目錄：/app/local/mysql
# 數據目錄：/app/local/data

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel bison

# 1. CMake 3.1+
wget https://cmake.org/files/v3.1/cmake-3.1.3.tar.gz
tar zxvf cmake-3.1.3.tar.gz && cd cmake-3.1.3
./configure && make && make install

# 2. Boost 1.59.0（MySQL 5.7 強依賴）
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
tar zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
mkdir -p /usr/local/boost
mv boost_1_59_0/* /usr/local/boost/

MySQL 編譯安裝

wget https://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.11.tar.gz
tar zxvf mysql-5.7.11.tar.gz && cd mysql-5.7.11

cmake \
  -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/app/local/mysql \
  -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/app/local/data \
  -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
  -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
  -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
  -DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
  -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
  -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
  -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
  -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
  -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
  -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \
  -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost

make && make install

初始化與配置

# 用戶權限
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /app/local/data
chown -R mysql:mysql /app/local/mysql

# 初始化（生成隨機 root 密碼）
cd /app/local/mysql/bin
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/app/local/mysql --datadir=/app/local/data

# 配置文件
mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
cp ../support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

# 服務註冊
cp ../support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
service mysqld start

Root 密碼重置

# 1. 用隨機密碼登錄（查看 ~/.mysql_secret 或錯誤日誌）
mysql -u root -p'random_pass'

# 2. 修改密碼
SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('123456');
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

注意：MySQL 5.7.6+ PASSWORD() 返回認證字符串，無需 UPDATE user SET authentication_string=...。

驗證

mysql -u root -p123456 -e "SELECT VERSION(); SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'datadir';"