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Yii URL 管理：urlManager 規則配置與隱藏 index.php 完整教學

     編輯：PHP 綜合知識

Yii urlManager 核心屬性與規則寫法

CUrlManager 讓 URL 更具可讀性與 SEO 友善。本文詳細說明常用屬性、規則範例與隱藏入口腳本步驟。

關鍵屬性

  • urlSuffix：URL 後綴（如 .html），預設無。
  • caseSensitive：是否大小寫敏感，預設 true。
  • defaultParams：預設 GET 參數，解析請求時自動注入 $_GET。
  • matchValue：建立 URL 時是否檢查參數值符合子模式，開啟會影響效能。

規則範例

'rules' => array(
    'posts' => 'post/list',
    'post/' => 'post/read',
    'post//' => 'post/read',
)</pre>
<ul>
<li><code>$this->createUrl('post/list')</code> → <code>/index.php/posts</code></li>
<li><code>$this->createUrl('post/read', array('id'=>100))</code> → <code>/index.php/post/100</code></li>
<li><code>$this->createUrl('post/read', array('year'=>2008,'title'=>'a sample post'))</code> → <code>/index.php/post/2008/a%20sample%20post</code></li>
</ul>

<h3>進階規則：參數綁定與後綴</h3>
<pre class="brush:php;">'urlManager' => array(
    'urlFormat' => 'path',
    'showScriptName' => false,
    'urlSuffix' => '.html',
    'rules' => array(
        'posts' => 'post/list',
        'post/<id:\d+>' => array('post/show', 'urlSuffix' => '.html'),
        'post/<id:\d+>/<mid:\w+>' => array('post/view', 'urlSuffix' => '.xml'),
    ),
)</pre>
<ul>
<li><code>createUrl('post/show', array('id'=>998, 'name'=>'123'))</code> → <code>/post/998.html?name=123</code></li>
<li><code>createUrl('post/view', array('id'=>998, 'mid'=>'tody'))</code> → <code>/post/998/tody.xml</code></li>
</ul>

<h3>隱藏 index.php</h3>
<ol>
<li><code>showScriptName => false</code></li>
<li>專案根目錄建立 <code>.htaccess</code>：</li>
</ol>
<pre class="brush:xhtml;">RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule . index.php</pre>
<ol start="3">
<li>Apache 啟用 <code>mod_rewrite</code>。</li>
</ol>

<h3>控制器取得參數</h3>
<pre class="brush:php;">public function actionUpdate($id) { ... } // 自動綁定 $_GET['id']
// 或
$id = Yii::app()->request->getQuery('id');</pre>

<h3>效能提醒</h3>
<p>規則過多會降低解析效能，高流量網站應精簡規則數量。</p>
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