Maven 實戰：配置 pom.xml 打包生成標準部署目錄結構

目標結構

target/
├── lib/      # 所有 JAR（項目 JAR + 依賴 JAR + 外部 JAR）
├── conf/     # 配置文件（來自 src/main/resources）
└── bin/      # 啟動腳本（.sh / .bat）

核心插件配置

1. 資源複製

<resources>
  <resource>
    <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
    <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/conf</targetPath>
  </resource>
  <resource>
    <directory>lib</directory>
    <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/lib</targetPath>
  </resource>
  <resource>
    <directory>.</directory>
    <includes>
      <include>**/*.sh</include>
      <include>**/*.bat</include>
    </includes>
    <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/bin</targetPath>
  </resource>
</resources>

2. 編譯與打包

<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
  <configuration>
    <source>1.7</source><target>1.7</target><encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
    <defaultLibBundleDir>lib</defaultLibBundleDir>
  </configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
  <configuration>
    <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>
    <archive>
      <manifest>
        <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
        <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
      </manifest>
    </archive>
    <excludes><exclude>*.xml</exclude><exclude>*.properties</exclude></excludes>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

3. 依賴複製

<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <id>copy-dependencies</id>
      <phase>package</phase>
      <goals><goal>copy-dependencies</goal></goals>
      <configuration>
        <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
  </executions>
</plugin>

啟動腳本 (start.bat)

@ECHO OFF
set CLASSPATH=%JAVA_HOME%/lib
set JAVA=%JAVA_HOME%/bin/java
set CLASSPATH=%CLASSPATH%;../conf
set JAVA_OPTIONS=-Djava.ext.dirs="../lib"
"%JAVA%" -Xms512m -Xmx1024m -classpath "%CLASSPATH%" %JAVA_OPTIONS% test.HangqingEntrance

執行 mvn clean package 即可獲得生產就緒的部署包。