Spring 整合 MyBatis 完整实战：Maven 多模块图书管理系统从零构建

Spring 整合 MyBatis 完整实战

本示例集成 Spring IOC、AOP、事务、MyBatis、Maven、MySQL、简易 MVC，实现图书增删改查，作为 SSM 框架整合的标准范式。项目结构清晰，可直接作为脚手架扩展。

技术栈版本

• Spring 4.3.0.RELEASE
• MyBatis 3.4.1 / MyBatis-Spring 1.3.0
• MySQL 5.5+ / Connector/J 5.1.38
• C3P0 0.9.1.2 / Log4j2 2.6.1 / JSTL 1.2 / JUnit 4.10

项目结构

src/main/java
├── com.zhangguo.bookstore
│   ├── entities          # Book 实体
│   ├── mapper            # BookDAO 接口 + BookMapper.xml
│   ├── service           # BookService 业务层
│   ├── action            # BaseController + BookController + CtxUtil
│   └── test              # JUnit 测试
src/main/webapp
├── WEB-INF
│   ├── web.xml
│   ├── ListBook.jsp
│   ├── AddBook.jsp
│   └── EditBook.jsp
├── styles/main.css
└── index.jsp
resources
├── applicationContext.xml
├── db.properties
└── log4j2.xml

核心配置文件

1. db.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
jdbc.uid=root
jdbc.pwd=root

2. applicationContext.xml（7 大配置段）

<beans ...>
  <!-- 1. 属性占位符 -->
  <context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:db.properties" />

  <!-- 2. C3P0 数据源 -->
  <bean id="datasource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
    <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
    <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    <property name="user" value="${jdbc.uid}" />
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.pwd}" />
    <property name="acquireIncrement" value="5" />
    <property name="initialPoolSize" value="10" />
    <property name="minPoolSize" value="5" />
    <property name="maxPoolSize" value="20" />
  </bean>

  <!-- 3. SqlSessionFactory -->
  <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource" />
    <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.zhangguo.bookstore.entities" />
    <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:com/zhangguo/bookstore/mapper/*Mapper.xml" />
  </bean>

  <!-- 4. Mapper 扫描器 -->
  <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
    <property name="basePackage" value="com.zhangguo.bookstore.mapper" />
  </bean>

  <!-- 5. 声明式事务 -->
  <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource" />
  </bean>
  <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

  <!-- 6. 组件扫描 -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.zhangguo.bookstore" />

  <!-- 7. AspectJ 自动代理 -->
  <aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true" />
</beans>

关键代码层

实体层

public class Book {
    private int id;
    private String title;
    private double price;
    private Date publishDate;
    // getter/setter + 构造器
}

Mapper 接口 + XML

public interface BookDAO {
    List<Book> getAllBooks();
    Book getBookById(@Param("id") int id);
    int add(Book entity);
    int delete(int id);
    int update(Book entity);
}

<mapper namespace="com.zhangguo.bookstore.mapper.BookDAO">
  <select id="getAllBooks" resultType="Book">select id,title,price,publishDate from books</select>
  <select id="getBookById" resultType="Book">select id,title,price,publishDate from books where id=#{id}</select>
  <insert id="add">insert into books(title,price,publishDate) values(#{title},#{price},#{publishDate})</insert>
  <delete id="delete">delete from books where id=#{id}</delete>
  <update id="update">update books set title=#{title},price=#{price},publishDate=#{publishDate} where id=#{id}</update>
</mapper>

服务层（含事务演示）

@Service
public class BookService {
    @Resource BookDAO bookdao;

    public List<Book> getAllBooks() { return bookdao.getAllBooks(); }
    public Book getBookById(int id) { return bookdao.getBookById(id); }

    public int add(Book entity) throws Exception {
        if (entity.getTitle() == null || entity.getTitle().isEmpty())
            throw new Exception("书名必填");
        return bookdao.add(entity);
    }

    @Transactional
    public int add(Book e1, Book e2) {  // 事务测试：同名书第二次插入会回滚
        return bookdao.add(e1) + bookdao.add(e2);
    }
    // delete/update 略
}

简易 MVC 基类

public class BaseController extends HttpServlet {
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
        String act = req.getParameter("act");
        if (act == null) act = "execute";
        try {
            Method m = getClass().getMethod(act, HttpServletRequest.class, HttpServletResponse.class);
            String target = (String) m.invoke(this, req, resp);
            if (target.startsWith("redirect:")) resp.sendRedirect(target.substring(9));
            else req.getRequestDispatcher(target).forward(req, resp);
        } catch (Exception e) { resp.sendError(400, e.getMessage()); }
    }
}

Controller 实现

BookController 继承 BaseController，实现 ListBook、Delete、Deletes、AddBook/AddBookPost、EditBook/EditBookPost 等 Action，配合 JSP 完成增删改查闭环。

web.xml 启动 Spring

<listener>
  <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  <param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

CtxUtil 获取 Bean

@Component
public class CtxUtil implements ApplicationContextAware {
    public static ApplicationContext ctx;
    @Override public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext c) { ctx = c; }
    public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> clazz) { return ctx.getBean(clazz); }
}

总结与展望

示例覆盖 Spring IOC、AOP、事务、MyBatis Mapper 扫描、简易 MVC 分发、JSP+JSTL 视图、Maven 标准目录。后续可扩展：SpringMVC 替代简易 MVC、Validator 校验、RESTful API、前后端分离（Vue/React）、Docker 部署。