Apache CXF 實戰系列（一）：打造 Hello World Web Service

Apache CXF 如今已幾乎成為 Java 領域構建 Web Service 的首選框架，憑藉其簡單易用的特性深受開發者青睞。本系列文章將透過數篇教程，帶領讀者逐步掌握 CXF 的核心用法。

專案環境搭建：Maven 依賴配置

系列教程均基於 Maven 專案結構。以下是 pom.xml 的完整配置，包含 CXF 核心模組、傳輸層、安全與策略支援、JAX-RS 整合、日誌與常用工具庫：

<project xmlns="https://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.googlecode.garbagecan.cxfstudy</groupId>
    <artifactId>cxfstudy</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>cxfstudy Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>https://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <cxf.version>2.2.7</cxf.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- CXF 核心模組 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
            <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId>
            <version>${cxf.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
            <artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http</artifactId>
            <version>${cxf.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
            <artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http-jetty</artifactId>
            <version>${cxf.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- WS-Security / WS-Policy -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
            <artifactId>cxf-rt-ws-security</artifactId>
            <version>${cxf.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
            <artifactId>cxf-rt-ws-policy</artifactId>
            <version>${cxf.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- JAX-RS 支援 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
            <artifactId>cxf-bundle-jaxrs</artifactId>
            <version>${cxf.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsr311-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 日誌 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-jdk14</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 常用工具 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 測試 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>cxfstudy</finalName>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**</include>
                </includes>
                <excludes>
                    <exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
                </excludes>
            </resource>
        </resources>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jetty-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <contextPath>/</contextPath>
                    <connectors>
                        <connector implementation="org.mortbay.jetty.nio.SelectChannelConnector">
                            <port>9000</port>
                        </connector>
                    </connectors>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.5</source>
                    <target>1.5</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

配置要點：

• 使用 cxf.version 統一管理版本，便於升級維護；
• 引入 Jetty 插件，可直接執行 mvn jetty:run 啟動嵌入式伺服器進行快速驗證；
• 編譯目標設為 Java 1.5，符合當時主流環境（現代專案建議升級至 8 或 11+）。

下一篇將展示具體的 Hello World 服務端與客戶端代碼實現，敬請期待。