本專案示範如何用 PHP + JavaScript (原生 Ajax) 打造一個單字拼字遊戲，包含難度選擇、錯誤次數限制、即時字母狀態更新、重新開始等完整遊戲循環。適合初學者理解 PHP Session 狀態管理與前後端非同步互動。
guess.php 包含邏輯、介面、Ajax 端點<?php
session_start();
header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8');
$url = 'https://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'];
// --- 1. 單字庫建立 ---
function getRandomWord() {
$text = 'Redistribution and use in source and binary forms with or without modification are permitted provided that the following conditions are met Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice this list of conditions and the following disclaimer Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution Neither the name of Yii Software LLC nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT INCIDENTAL SPECIAL EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES LOSS OF USE DATA OR PROFITS OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY WHETHER IN CONTRACT STRICT LIABILITY OR TORT INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE';
$words = preg_split('/[\s,]+/', $text);
do {
$word = strtoupper($words[array_rand($words)]);
} while (strlen($word) < 5 || !ctype_alpha($word));
return $word;
}
// --- 2. 遊戲狀態初始化 ---
if (!isset($_SESSION['word'])) {
$_SESSION['word'] = getRandomWord();
$_SESSION['guessed'] = str_repeat('_', strlen($_SESSION['word']));
$_SESSION['wrong'] = 0;
}
// --- 3. Ajax 端點：開始遊戲（設定難度） ---
if (isset($_GET['op']) && $_GET['op'] === 'start') {
$_SESSION['max_wrong'] = (int)$_GET['k'];
$_SESSION['wrong'] = 0;
$_SESSION['guessed'] = str_repeat('_', strlen($_SESSION['word']));
exit;
}
// --- 4. Ajax 端點：重新開始 ---
if (isset($_GET['restart'])) {
session_destroy();
header("Location: $url");
exit;
}
// --- 5. Ajax 端點：猜字母 ---
if (isset($_GET['op']) && $_GET['op'] === 'ajax') {
$letter = strtoupper($_GET['k']);
$word = $_SESSION['word'];
$guessed = &$_SESSION['guessed'];
$wrong = &$_SESSION['wrong'];
$maxWrong = $_SESSION['max_wrong'];
$found = false;
for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($word); $i++) {
if ($word[$i] === $letter && $guessed[$i] === '_') {
$guessed[$i] = $letter;
$found = true;
}
}
if (!$found) $wrong++;
// 回傳格式：guessed_string|status|message
// status: 0=繼續, 1=勝利, 2=失敗
$status = 0;
$msg = '';
if ($guessed === $word) {
$status = 1; $msg = '成功！';
} elseif ($wrong > $maxWrong) {
$status = 2; $msg = '失敗，答案是 ' . $word;
}
echo implode('|', [$guessed, $status, $msg]);
exit;
}
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><head><meta charset="utf-8"><title>PHP 猜單字遊戲</title>
<style>
.letter-btn { display:inline-block; width:36px; height:36px; line-height:36px; text-align:center; margin:2px; border:1px solid #ccc; border-radius:4px; cursor:pointer; user-select:none; }
.letter-btn.used { background:#eee; color:#999; cursor:default; }
#word-display { font-size:2em; letter-spacing:0.5em; margin:20px 0; font-family:monospace; }
#result { font-size:1.5em; font-weight:bold; margin:10px 0; }
.difficulty { margin:10px 0; }
</style>
</head><body>
<div id="game-area">
<?php if (!isset($_SESSION['max_wrong'])): ?>
<div class="difficulty">
<label><input type="radio" name="diff" value="10" onclick="startGame(10)"> 簡單 (可錯 10 次)</label><br>
<label><input type="radio" name="diff" value="6" onclick="startGame(6)"> 普通 (可錯 6 次)</label><br>
<label><input type="radio" name="diff" value="3" onclick="startGame(3)"> 困難 (可錯 3 次)</label>
</div>
<?php else: ?>
<p>最多可錯 <strong><?php echo $_SESSION['max_wrong']; ?></strong> 次</p>
<div id="word-display"><?php echo implode(' ', str_split($_SESSION['guessed'])); ?></div>
<div id="keyboard">
<?php for ($c = ord('A'); $c <= ord('Z'); $c++): ?>
<span class="letter-btn" id="btn-<?php echo chr($c); ?>" onclick="guessLetter('<?php echo chr($c); ?>')><?php echo chr($c); ?></span>
<?php endfor; ?>
</div>
<div id="result"></div>
<p><a href="?restart=1">重新開始</a></p>
<?php endif; ?>
</div>
<script>
function ajax(url, callback) {
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('GET', url, true);
xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (xhr.readyState === 4 && xhr.status === 200) callback(xhr.responseText);
};
xhr.send();
}
function startGame(maxWrong) {
ajax('?op=start&k=' + maxWrong, function() { location.reload(); });
}
function guessLetter(letter) {
var btn = document.getElementById('btn-' + letter);
btn.classList.add('used');
btn.onclick = null; // 禁用重複點擊
ajax('?op=ajax&k=' + letter, function(resp) {
var parts = resp.split('|');
var guessed = parts[0];
var status = parseInt(parts[1]);
var msg = parts[2] || '';
document.getElementById('word-display').textContent = guessed.split('').join(' ');
if (status === 1) {
document.getElementById('result').innerHTML = '<span style="color:green">🎉 ' + msg + '</span>';
disableAllButtons();
} else if (status === 2) {
document.getElementById('result').innerHTML = '<span style="color:red">💀 ' + msg + '</span>';
disableAllButtons();
}
});
}
function disableAllButtons() {
document.querySelectorAll('.letter-btn').forEach(function(btn) {
btn.classList.add('used');
btn.onclick = null;
});
}
</script>
</body></html>
| 概念 | 實作位置 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|
| Session 狀態管理 | PHP 頂部 | 跨請求保存答案、猜測進度、錯誤計數 |
| 單一檔案多入口 | $_GET['op'] 分派 | 同一檔案處理 HTML 輸出與 Ajax API |
| 原生 Ajax | JS ajax() 函式 | 無框架依賴，理解 XMLHttpRequest 基礎 |
| 前後端資料協定 | 回傳 guessed|status|msg | 簡單文字協定，易於除錯擴充 |
| 遊戲狀態機 | PHP 邏輯判斷 | 進行中/勝利/失敗三態轉換 |
