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Java Robot 類實現鼠標鍵盤自動化控制詳解

編輯：Java 相關知識

Java Robot 類簡介

java.awt.Robot 類提供了模擬鼠標移動、點擊、鍵盤按鍵等底層輸入事件的能力。它常用於自動化測試、演示程式或輔助工具開發。一旦獲取 Robot 實例，即可通過程式碼模擬使用者的各種操作。

基本鍵盤模擬範例

以下程式碼展示如何模擬鍵盤輸入「HI CAOER」字串。執行後有 5 秒延遲，供使用者切換到記事本等編輯器：

import java.awt.AWTException;
import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class RobotExp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Robot robot = new Robot();
            // 延遲 5 秒，方便切換視窗
            robot.delay(5000);
            // 模擬按鍵按下（需配合 release 才算完整按鍵）
            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_H);
            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_I);
            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_SPACE);
            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_C);
            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_A);
            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_O);
            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_E);
            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_R);
        } catch (AWTException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

進階封裝：按鍵按下與釋放

網友改進版本封裝了 pressKey 和 pressKeyWithShift 方法，確保每個按鍵都正確釋放，並支援大寫字母輸入：

import java.awt.AWTException;
import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.io.IOException;

public class RobotExp {
    public static void pressKey(Robot robot, int keyvalue) {
        robot.keyPress(keyvalue);
        robot.keyRelease(keyvalue);
    }

    public static void pressKeyWithShift(Robot robot, int keyvalue) {
        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_SHIFT);
        robot.keyPress(keyvalue);
        robot.keyRelease(keyvalue);
        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_SHIFT);
    }

    public static void closeApplication(Robot robot) {
        // Alt+F4 關閉視窗（Windows）
        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ALT);
        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_F4);
        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ALT);
        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_F4);
        // 確認關閉對話框（按 N）
        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_N);
        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_N);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        try {
            Robot robot = new Robot();
            // 自動啟動記事本
            Runtime.getRuntime().exec("notepad");
            robot.delay(3000);

            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
                pressKeyWithShift(robot, KeyEvent.VK_H); // H
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_I);          // i
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_SPACE);      // 空格
                pressKeyWithShift(robot, KeyEvent.VK_I); // I
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_SPACE);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_A);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_M);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_SPACE);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_T);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_H);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_E);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_SPACE);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_J);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_A);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_V);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_A);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_SPACE);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_R);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_O);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_B);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_O);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_T);
                pressKey(robot, KeyEvent.VK_ENTER); // 換行
            }
            closeApplication(robot);
        } catch (AWTException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}