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Windows 8 Toast 通知深度解析：文字、圖文、聲音與排程

編輯：關於.NET

前言

Toast 通知是 Windows 8 應用程式主動觸達使用者的關鍵管道。本文詳細介紹 8 種內建模板（4 種純文字、4 種圖文）、自訂提示音、以及排程顯示機制，並提供完整可執行的程式碼範例。

一、純文字 Toast 的 4 種模板

對應 ToastTemplateType.ToastText01 至 ToastText04，支援標題、內文換行與多行顯示的不同組合。

XAML 介面

<Page x:Class="XamlDemo.Notification.Toast.ToastWithText" xmlns="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Notification.Toast" xmlns:d="https://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d">
<Grid Background="Transparent">
<StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0">
<TextBox Name="lblMsg" Height="100" TextWrapping="Wrap" AcceptsReturn="True" FontSize="14.667" Margin="0 0 10 0" />
<Button Name="btnTextBodyWrap" Content="TextBodyWrap" Click="btnTextBodyWrap_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
<Button Name="bntTextHeadingTextBodyWrap" Content="TextHeading TextBodyWrap" Click="bntTextHeadingTextBodyWrap_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
<Button Name="bntTextHeadingWrapTextBody" Content="TextHeadingWrap TextBody" Click="bntTextHeadingWrapTextBody_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
<Button Name="bntTextHeadingTextBody" Content="TextHeading TextBody1 TextBody2" Click="bntTextHeadingTextBody_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</Page>

程式碼後置

using NotificationsExtensions.ToastContent;
using Windows.UI.Notifications;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;

namespace XamlDemo.Notification.Toast
{
    public sealed partial class ToastWithText : Page
    {
        public ToastWithText()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void btnTextBodyWrap_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastText01 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastText01();
            templateContent.TextBodyWrap.Text = "我是通知正文，可換行，最多三行。我是通知正文，可換行，最多三行。我是通知正文，可換行，最多三行。";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;
            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);
            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }

        private void bntTextHeadingTextBodyWrap_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastText02 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastText02();
            templateContent.TextHeading.Text = "我是通知標題，不可以換行。我是通知標題，不可以換行。";
            templateContent.TextBodyWrap.Text = "我是通知正文，可換行，最多兩行。我是通知正文，可換行，最多兩行。";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;
            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);
            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }

        private void bntTextHeadingWrapTextBody_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastText03 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastText03();
            templateContent.TextHeadingWrap.Text = "我是通知標題，可換行，最多兩行。我是通知標題，可換行，最多兩行。";
            templateContent.TextBody.Text = "我是通知正文，不可以換行。我是通知正文，不可以換行。";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;
            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);
            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }

        private void bntTextHeadingTextBody_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastText04 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastText04();
            templateContent.TextHeading.Text = "我是通知標題，不可以換行。我是通知標題，不可以換行。";
            templateContent.TextBody1.Text = "我是通知正文1，不可以換行。我是通知正文1，不可以換行。";
            templateContent.TextBody2.Text = "我是通知正文2，不可以換行。我是通知正文2，不可以換行。";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;
            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);
            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }
    }
}

二、圖文 Toast 的 4 種模板

對應 ToastTemplateType.ToastImageAndText01 至 ToastImageAndText04。圖片來源支援應用程式封裝內、Application Data (local) 與 HTTP/HTTPS 遠端 URL，大小限制 1024x1024 像素、200KB 以內。

程式碼後置

using NotificationsExtensions.ToastContent;
using System;
using Windows.UI.Notifications;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;

namespace XamlDemo.Notification.Toast
{
    public sealed partial class ToastWithImageText : Page
    {
        public ToastWithImageText()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void btnTextBodyWrap_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastImageAndText01 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastImageAndText01();
            templateContent.TextBodyWrap.Text = "我是通知正文，可換行，最多三行。我是通知正文，可換行，最多三行。我是通知正文，可換行，最多三行。";
            templateContent.Image.Src = "Assets/Logo.png";
            templateContent.Image.Alt = "altText";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;
            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);
            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }

        private void bntTextHeadingTextBodyWrap_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastImageAndText02 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastImageAndText02();
            templateContent.TextHeading.Text = "我是通知標題，不可以換行。我是通知標題，不可以換行。";
            templateContent.TextBodyWrap.Text = "我是通知正文，可換行，最多兩行。我是通知正文，可換行，最多兩行。";
            templateContent.Image.Src = "ms-appx:///Assets/Logo.png";
            templateContent.Image.Alt = "altText";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;
            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);
            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }

        private void bntTextHeadingWrapTextBody_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastImageAndText03 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastImageAndText03();
            templateContent.TextHeadingWrap.Text = "我是通知標題，可換行，最多兩行。我是通知標題，可換行，最多兩行。";
            templateContent.TextBody.Text = "我是通知正文，不可以換行。我是通知正文，不可以換行。";
            templateContent.Image.Src = "ms-appdata:///local/Logo.png";
            templateContent.Image.Alt = "altText";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;
            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);
            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }

        private void bntTextHeadingTextBody_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastImageAndText04 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastImageAndText04();
            templateContent.TextHeading.Text = "我是通知標題，不可以換行。我是通知標題，不可以換行。";
            templateContent.TextBody1.Text = "我是通知正文1，不可以換行。我是通知正文1，不可以換行。";
            templateContent.TextBody2.Text = "我是通知正文2，不可以換行。我是通知正文2，不可以換行。";
            templateContent.Image.Src = "https://pic.cnblogs.com/avatar/a14540.jpg?id=24173245";
            templateContent.Image.Alt = "altText";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;
            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);
            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }
    }
}

三、Toast 提示音自訂

系統內建 10 種提示音：Default、Mail、SMS、IM、Reminder、LoopingCall、LoopingCall2、LoopingAlarm、LoopingAlarm2、Silent。長時間通知需設定 Duration = ToastDuration.Long 並啟用 Loop = true。

XAML 介面

<Page x:Class="XamlDemo.Notification.Toast.ToastWithSound" xmlns="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Notification.Toast" xmlns:d="https://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d">
<Grid Background="Transparent">
<StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0">
<TextBox Name="lblMsg" Height="100" TextWrapping="Wrap" AcceptsReturn="True" FontSize="14.667" Margin="0 0 10 0" />
<TextBlock Text="通知提示音列表" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
<ListBox Name="listBox" SelectionChanged="listBox_SelectionChanged_1" Margin="0 10 10 0">
<ListBoxItem Content="Default" />
<ListBoxItem Content="Mail" />
<ListBoxItem Content="SMS" />
<ListBoxItem Content="IM" />
<ListBoxItem Content="Reminder" />
<ListBoxItem Content="LoopingCall" />
<ListBoxItem Content="LoopingCall2" />
<ListBoxItem Content="LoopingAlarm" />
<ListBoxItem Content="LoopingAlarm2" />
<ListBoxItem Content="Silent" />
</ListBox>
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</Page>

程式碼後置

using NotificationsExtensions.ToastContent;
using System;
using Windows.UI.Notifications;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;

namespace XamlDemo.Notification.Toast
{
    public sealed partial class ToastWithSound : Page
    {
        public ToastWithSound()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void listBox_SelectionChanged_1(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            string audioType = (listBox.SelectedItem as ListBoxItem).Content.ToString();
            IToastText02 toastContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastText02();
            toastContent.TextHeading.Text = "Sound:";
            toastContent.TextBodyWrap.Text = audioType;
            toastContent.Audio.Content = (ToastAudioContent)Enum.Parse(typeof(ToastAudioContent), audioType);
            if (audioType == "LoopingCall" || audioType == "LoopingCall2" || audioType == "LoopingAlarm" || audioType == "LoopingAlarm2")
            {
                toastContent.Duration = ToastDuration.Long;
                toastContent.Audio.Loop = true;
            }
            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);
            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }
    }
}

四、排程 Toast 通知

ScheduledToastNotification 支援指定顯示時間、重複間隔 (SnoozeInterval 60 秒至 60 分鐘) 與最大重複次數 (MaximumSnoozeCount 1-5 次)。透過 ToastNotifier.AddToSchedule 加入排程清單，GetScheduledToastNotifications 查詢，RemoveFromSchedule 移除。

XAML 介面

<Page x:Class="XamlDemo.Notification.Toast.ScheduledToast" xmlns="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Notification.Toast" xmlns:d="https://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d">
<Grid Background="Transparent">
<StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0">
<ListBox Name="listBox" Width="800" Height="300" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
<ListBox.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<TextBlock Text="{Binding ToastId}" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Text}" Margin="15 0 0 0" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
<HyperlinkButton Name="btnRemove" Content="刪除此 ScheduledToastNotification" Tag="{Binding ToastId}" Margin="15 0 0 0" Click="btnRemove_Click_1" />
</StackPanel>
</DataTemplate>
</ListBox.ItemTemplate>
</ListBox>
<Button Name="btnScheduledToast" Content="ScheduledToastNotification 的 Demo（3 秒後彈出 Toast 通知，然後每隔 60 秒再彈出一次，共重複 5 次）" Click="btnScheduledToast_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</Page>

程式碼後置

using NotificationsExtensions.ToastContent;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Windows.UI.Notifications;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation;

namespace XamlDemo.Notification.Toast
{
    public sealed partial class ScheduledToast : Page
    {
        public ScheduledToast()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
        {
            ShowScheduledToasts();
        }

        private void btnScheduledToast_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastText02 toastContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastText02();
            toastContent.TextHeading.Text = "ScheduledToastNotification Demo";
            toastContent.TextBodyWrap.Text = "received: " + DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss");
            ScheduledToastNotification toast = new ScheduledToastNotification(toastContent.GetXml(), DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(3), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60), 5);
            string toastId = new Random().Next(1000, 10000).ToString();
            toast.Id = toastId;
            ToastNotifier toastNotifier = ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier();
            toastNotifier.AddToSchedule(toast);
            ShowScheduledToasts();
        }

        private void ShowScheduledToasts()
        {
            List<MyScheduledToast> dataSource = new List<MyScheduledToast>();
            ToastNotifier toastNotifier = ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier();
            IReadOnlyList<ScheduledToastNotification> scheduledToasts = toastNotifier.GetScheduledToastNotifications();
            int toastCount = scheduledToasts.Count;
            for (int i = 0; i < toastCount; i++)
            {
                ScheduledToastNotification toast = scheduledToasts[i];
                dataSource.Add(new MyScheduledToast()
                {
                    ToastId = toast.Id,
                    Text = toast.Content.GetElementsByTagName("text")[0].InnerText
                });
            }
            listBox.ItemsSource = dataSource;
        }

        private void btnRemove_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            string toastId = (string)(sender as FrameworkElement).Tag;
            ToastNotifier toastNotifier = ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier();
            IReadOnlyList<ScheduledToastNotification> scheduledToasts = toastNotifier.GetScheduledToastNotifications();
            int toastLength = scheduledToasts.Count;
            for (int i = 0; i < toastLength; i++)
            {
                if (scheduledToasts[i].Id == toastId)
                {
                    toastNotifier.RemoveFromSchedule(scheduledToasts[i]);
                    ShowScheduledToasts();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        class MyScheduledToast
        {
            public string ToastId { get; set; }
            public string Text { get; set; }
        }
    }
}