Visual Studio 2013 配置 OpenCV 2.4.9 完整圖文教程

1. 下載與安裝

• 官網下載 opencv-2.4.9.exe (約 3.7GB 解壓後)
• 雙擊執行，選擇解壓目錄（如 G:\OpenCV）
• 解壓後關鍵目錄：
  build\x64\vc12\bin (64位運行時 DLL)
  build\x86\vc12\bin (32位運行時 DLL)
  build\include / build\include\opencv / build\include\opencv2 (頭文件)
  build\x64\vc12\lib / build\x86\vc12\lib (靜態庫 .lib)

2. 環境變量配置

系統屬性 → 高級 → 環境變量 → Path 添加：

G:\OpenCV\build\x64\vc12\bin
G:\OpenCV\build\x86\vc12\bin

注銷/重啟 生效。vc12 對應 VS2013。

3. VS2013 專案屬性配置

建立空控制台專案

1. 新建項目 → Visual C++ → Win32 控制台應用程式
2. 嚮導 → 空專案 ✓
3. 右鍵源文件 → 新建項目 → C++ 文件 (main.cpp)

VC++ 目錄

• 包含目錄 添加：
  G:\OpenCV\build\include
G:\OpenCV\build\include\opencv
G:\OpenCV\build\include\opencv2
• 庫目錄 添加：
  G:\OpenCV\build\x64\vc12\lib (64位編譯)
  G:\OpenCV\build\x86\vc12\lib (32位編譯)

鏈接器 → 輸入 → 附加依賴項

按 Debug版在前 (帶 d)、Release版在後 順序粘貼全部 38 個 .lib：

opencv_ml249d.lib
opencv_calib3d249d.lib
opencv_contrib249d.lib
opencv_core249d.lib
opencv_features2d249d.lib
opencv_flann249d.lib
opencv_gpu249d.lib
opencv_highgui249d.lib
opencv_imgproc249d.lib
opencv_legacy249d.lib
opencv_objdetect249d.lib
opencv_ts249d.lib
opencv_video249d.lib
opencv_nonfree249d.lib
opencv_ocl249d.lib
opencv_photo249d.lib
opencv_stitching249d.lib
opencv_superres249d.lib
opencv_videostab249d.lib
opencv_ml249.lib
opencv_calib3d249.lib
opencv_contrib249.lib
opencv_core249.lib
opencv_features2d249.lib
opencv_flann249.lib
opencv_gpu249.lib
opencv_highgui249.lib
opencv_imgproc249.lib
opencv_legacy249.lib
opencv_objdetect249.lib
opencv_ts249.lib
opencv_video249.lib
opencv_nonfree249.lib
opencv_ocl249.lib
opencv_photo249.lib
opencv_stitching249.lib
opencv_superres249.lib
opencv_videostab249.lib

4. 測試代碼

#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
using namespace cv;

int main() {
    Mat img = imread("zh.png");  // 與 main.cpp 同目錄
    if (img.empty()) {
        std::cout << "圖片讀取失敗" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }
    imshow("ZHONGHuan", img);
    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}

5. 常見問題排查

1. 環境變量未生效 → 重啟電腦
2. 包含/庫目錄路徑錯誤 → 檢查是否與解壓路徑一致
3. 附加依賴項缺漏/順序錯 → 複製上方完整列表
4. 運行時缺 DLL → 確認 Path 包含對應 vc12\bin 目錄