用 Visual C# 撰寫系統匣程式

系統匣程式在工作列通知區顯示圖示，佔用螢幕空間小、直觀且可附加多功能選單。.NET Framework WinForms 提供 NotifyIcon 元件，極簡化開發。

環境需求

• Windows 2000 Server
• .NET Framework SDK Beta 2

關鍵步驟

1. 執行時隱藏主視窗

方法一：覆寫 OnActivated 呼叫 Hide()。
方法二 (本文採用)：初始化時設定 MaximizeBox = false; MinimizeBox = false; WindowState = FormWindowState.Minimized;。

2. 設定匣區圖示

private Icon mNetTrayIcon = new Icon("Tray.ico");
TrayIcon.Icon = mNetTrayIcon;

編譯後目錄必須存在 Tray.ico。

3. 設定滑鼠停留提示文字

TrayIcon.Text = "用 Visual C# 做系統匣程式\n作者：馬金虎於 2001.12.08";

4. 加入右鍵選單

MenuItem[] mnuItms = new MenuItem[3];
mnuItms[0] = new MenuItem { Text = "用 Visual C# 做系統匣程式！", Click += showmessage };
mnuItms[1] = new MenuItem("-");
mnuItms[2] = new MenuItem { Text = "離開系統", Click += ExitSelect, DefaultItem = true };
notifyiconMnu = new ContextMenu(mnuItms);
TrayIcon.ContextMenu = notifyiconMnu;

完整原始碼

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;

public class Tray : Form
{
    private Icon mNetTrayIcon = new Icon("Tray.ico");
    private NotifyIcon TrayIcon;
    private ContextMenu notifyiconMnu;

    public Tray()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
        Initializenotifyicon();
    }

    private void Initializenotifyicon()
    {
        TrayIcon = new NotifyIcon();
        TrayIcon.Icon = mNetTrayIcon;
        TrayIcon.Text = "用 Visual C# 做系統匣程式\n作者：馬金虎於 2001.12.08";
        TrayIcon.Visible = true;
        TrayIcon.Click += click;

        MenuItem[] mnuItms = new MenuItem[3];
        mnuItms[0] = new MenuItem { Text = "用 Visual C# 做系統匣程式！" };
        mnuItms[0].Click += showmessage;
        mnuItms[1] = new MenuItem("-");
        mnuItms[2] = new MenuItem { Text = "離開系統", DefaultItem = true };
        mnuItms[2].Click += ExitSelect;

        notifyiconMnu = new ContextMenu(mnuItms);
        TrayIcon.ContextMenu = notifyiconMnu;
    }

    public void click(object sender, EventArgs e) { MessageBox.Show("Visual C# 撰寫系統匣程式事件回應"); }
    public void showmessage(object sender, EventArgs e) { MessageBox.Show("你點擊了選單第一個選項"); }
    public void ExitSelect(object sender, EventArgs e) { TrayIcon.Visible = false; this.Close(); }

    public override void Dispose() { base.Dispose(); }

    private void InitializeComponent()
    {
        this.SuspendLayout();
        this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new Size(5, 13);
        this.ClientSize = new Size(320, 56);
        this.ControlBox = false;
        this.MaximizeBox = false;
        this.MinimizeBox = false;
        this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Minimized;
        this.Name = "tray";
        this.ShowInTaskbar = false;
        this.Text = "用 Visual C# 做系統匣程式！";
        this.ResumeLayout(false);
    }

    [STAThread]
    static void Main() { Application.Run(new Tray()); }
}

總結

Visual C# 配合 .NET Framework SDK，讓系統匣程式開發變得輕鬆愉快。IDE 只是鑰匙，豐富的類別庫才是舞臺。