DBGrid 資料匯出 Word/Excel：資料集導向的完整實作

與 ListView 版本的關鍵差異

• 資料來源為 TDataSet（透過 DBGrid->DataSource->DataSet）
• 匯出內容 = 目前資料集顯示的所有記錄（含篩選後結果）
• 欄位對應透過 DBGrid->Columns[i]->FieldName 取得
• 需檢查 DataSet->Active 避免未開啟資料集報錯

DBGrid2Word 完整程式碼

void __fastcall DBGrid2Word(TDBGrid* dbg, String strDocFile) {
    if (!dbg->DataSource->DataSet->Active) return; // 資料集未開啟

    Variant vWordApp, vTable, vCell;
    try { vWordApp = Variant::CreateObject("Word.Application"); }
    catch (...) {
        MessageBox(0, "啟動 Word 失敗。", "DBGrid2Word", MB_OK|MB_ICONERROR);
        return;
    }

    vWordApp.OlePropertySet("Visible", false);
    vWordApp.OlePropertyGet("Documents").OleFunction("Add");
    Variant vSelect = vWordApp.OlePropertyGet("Selection");
    vSelect.OlePropertyGet("Font").OlePropertySet("Size", dbg->Font->Size);
    vSelect.OlePropertyGet("Font").OlePropertySet("Name", dbg->Font->Name.c_str());

    int nRowCount = dbg->DataSource->DataSet->RecordCount + 1;
    nRowCount = nRowCount < 2 ? 2 : nRowCount;
    int nColCount = dbg->Columns->Count;
    nColCount = nColCount < 1 ? 1 : nColCount;

    vWordApp.OlePropertyGet("ActiveDocument").OlePropertyGet("Tables")
        .OleProcedure("Add", vSelect.OlePropertyGet("Range"), nRowCount, nColCount, 1, 0);
    vTable = vWordApp.OlePropertyGet("ActiveDocument")
        .OleFunction("Range").OlePropertyGet("Tables").OleFunction("Item", 1);

    for (int i = 0; i < nColCount; ++i) {
        int w = dbg->Columns->Items[i]->Width;
        vTable.OlePropertyGet("Columns").OleFunction("Item", i+1)
            .OlePropertySet("PreferredWidthType", 3);
        vTable.OlePropertyGet("Columns").OleFunction("Item", i+1)
            .OlePropertySet("PreferredWidth", w);
    }

    // 寫入欄位名稱
    for (int j = 0; j < dbg->Columns->Count; ++j) {
        vCell = vTable.OleFunction("Cell", 1, j+1);
        vCell.OlePropertySet("Range", dbg->Columns->Items[j]->FieldName.c_str());
        vCell.OlePropertyGet("Shading")
            .OlePropertySet("BackgroundPatternColor", 14737632);
    }

    // 遍歷資料集寫入資料
    dbg->DataSource->DataSet->First();
    for (int i = 0; i < nRowCount - 1; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < dbg->Columns->Count; ++j) {
            vCell = vTable.OleFunction("Cell", i+2, j+1);
            vCell.OlePropertySet("Range",
                dbg->DataSource->DataSet->FieldByName(
                    dbg->Columns->Items[j]->FieldName)->AsString.c_str());
        }
        dbg->DataSource->DataSet->Next();
    }

    vWordApp.OlePropertyGet("ActiveDocument").OleProcedure("SaveAs", strDocFile.c_str());
    vWordApp.OlePropertyGet("ActiveDocument").OleProcedure("Close");
    Application->ProcessMessages();
    vWordApp.OleProcedure("Quit");
    Application->ProcessMessages();
    vWordApp = Unassigned;

    MessageBox(0, "DBGrid2Word 轉換完成！", "DBGrid2Word", MB_OK|MB_ICONINFORMATION);
}

DBGrid2Excel 完整程式碼

void __fastcall DBGrid2Excel(TDBGrid* dbg, String strXlsFile) {
    if (!dbg->DataSource->DataSet->Active) return;

    Variant vExcelApp, vSheet;
    try { vExcelApp = Variant::CreateObject("Excel.Application"); }
    catch (...) {
        MessageBox(0, "啟動 Excel 失敗。", "DBGrid2Excel", MB_OK|MB_ICONERROR);
        return;
    }

    vExcelApp.OlePropertySet("Visible", false);
    vExcelApp.OlePropertyGet("Workbooks").OleFunction("Add", 1);
    vSheet = vExcelApp.OlePropertyGet("ActiveWorkbook").OlePropertyGet("Sheets", 1);

    vSheet.OleProcedure("Select");
    vSheet.OlePropertyGet("Cells").OleProcedure("Select");
    vExcelApp.OlePropertyGet("Selection").OlePropertyGet("Font")
        .OlePropertySet("Size", dbg->Font->Size);
    vExcelApp.OlePropertyGet("Selection").OlePropertyGet("Font")
        .OlePropertySet("Name", dbg->Font->Name.c_str());
    vExcelApp.OlePropertyGet("Selection").OlePropertyGet("Font")
        .OlePropertySet("FontStyle", "常規");
    vSheet.OlePropertyGet("Cells", 1, 1).OleProcedure("Select");

    int nRowCount = dbg->DataSource->DataSet->RecordCount + 1;
    nRowCount = nRowCount < 2 ? 2 : nRowCount;
    int nColCount = dbg->Columns->Count;
    nColCount = nColCount < 1 ? 1 : nColCount;

    for (int i = 0; i < nColCount; ++i) {
        int w = dbg->Columns->Items[i]->Width;
        vExcelApp.OlePropertyGet("Columns", i+1)
            .OlePropertySet("ColumnWidth", w / 7); // Excel 欄寬單位不同
    }

    for (int j = 0; j < dbg->Columns->Count; ++j) {
        vExcelApp.OlePropertyGet("Rows", 1).OlePropertySet("RowHeight", 20);
        vSheet.OlePropertyGet("Cells", 1, j+1)
            .OlePropertySet("Value", dbg->Columns->Items[j]->FieldName.c_str());
        Variant vInter = vSheet.OlePropertyGet("Cells", 1, j+1).OlePropertyGet("Interior");
        vInter.OlePropertySet("ColorIndex", 15);
        vInter.OlePropertySet("Pattern", 1);
        vInter.OlePropertySet("PatternColorIndex", -4105);
    }

    dbg->DataSource->DataSet->First();
    for (int i = 0; i < nRowCount - 1; ++i) {
        vExcelApp.OlePropertyGet("Rows", i+2).OlePropertySet("RowHeight", 16);
        for (int j = 0; j < dbg->Columns->Count; ++j) {
            vSheet.OlePropertyGet("Cells", i+2, j+1)
                .OlePropertySet("Value",
                    dbg->DataSource->DataSet->FieldByName(
                        dbg->Columns->Items[j]->FieldName)->AsString.c_str());
        }
        dbg->DataSource->DataSet->Next();
    }

    vExcelApp.OlePropertyGet("ActiveWorkbook").OleFunction("SaveAs", strXlsFile.c_str());
    vExcelApp.OleFunction("Quit");
    vSheet = Unassigned; vExcelApp = Unassigned;

    MessageBox(0, "DBGrid2Excel 轉換完成！", "DBGrid2Excel", MB_OK|MB_ICONINFORMATION);
}

呼叫範例

DBGrid2Word(DBGrid1, "C:\\Export\\Data.doc");
DBGrid2Excel(DBGrid1, "C:\\Export\\Data.xls");

關鍵細節提醒

1. RecordCount 可靠性：部分資料集 (如 uni-directional cursor) RecordCount 可能為 -1，建議改用 while (!Eof) { ... Next(); } 迴圈
2. 欄位型別轉換：此處統一用 AsString，若需保留數值/日期格式，請依 Field->DataType 分別處理
3. 大量資料優化：同 ListView 版，建議改用陣列批次寫入 Range.Value
4. 資料集狀態還原：匯出前後建議保存/還原 Filter、Index、游標位置

適用場景

• 資料庫報表匯出
• 使用者自訂查詢結果另存
• 列印預覽前的資料備份