iOS NSString 以特定分隔符分割字串：componentsSeparatedByString 用法

需求

字串格式 "Name*Email*Address"，以 * 分割取得三個欄位。

標準做法

NSString *raw = @"zhangsan*zhangsan@test.com*beijing china";
NSArray *parts = [raw componentsSeparatedByString:@"*"];
// parts = @[@"zhangsan", @"zhangsan@test.com", @"beijing china"]

if (parts.count == 3) {
    NSString *name = parts[0];
    NSString *email = parts[1];
    NSString *address = parts[2];
    NSLog(@"Name: %@, Email: %@, Address: %@", name, email, address);
}

進階：處理空欄位、多重分隔符

• 若字串開頭/結尾有分隔符，結果陣列會包含空字串 @""，需自行過濾。
• 多重分隔符（如 "," 或 ";"）可用 componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet:：

NSCharacterSet *separators = [NSCharacterSet characterSetWithCharactersInString:@";,"];
NSArray *parts = [raw componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet:separators];

Swift 版本

let raw = "zhangsan*zhangsan@test.com*beijing china"
let parts = raw.components(separatedBy: "*")
// 或多重分隔符
let parts2 = raw.components(separatedBy: CharacterSet(charactersIn: ";,"))